Researcher and author Stanley I. Evans, creator of Hocus Pocus: The Art of Deception, has released a new video uncovering the real story behind the adoption of the Titles of Nobility Amendment (TONA)—the long-suppressed 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. Drawing on archival documents, legislative records, and official correspondence from 1810–1818, Evans explains how the … Read more
Thesis: From 1813 to 1817, the federal government repeatedly acted and printed as if the Titles of Nobility Amendment (TONA) had been adopted. After Congress centralized “certification” procedures in 1818, later editors and agencies rewrote the public memory of those years. What followed wasn’t one dramatic cover-up so much as a century-long administrative suppression: decisions, … Read more
The Congressional Research Service (CRS) memorandum you shared concludes that the proposed Titles of Nobility Amendment (TONA) “has not been ratified by the states” and rests that conclusion on (1) modern practice that makes the Archivist of the United States the certifying officer, (2) a 2020 NARA blog post that says TONA never reached three-fourths, … Read more