Background and Submission to the States (May–Dec 1810)
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May 1, 1810 — Congress approved the amendment (Senate 19–5 on April 27; House 87–3 on May 1) and sent it to the states. With 17 states in the Union, 13 ratifications were required. Wikipedia
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Transmission — The proposal was distributed to governors for state legislative action during 1810. Pieces of History
First ratification in 1810
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Maryland — Ratified December 25, 1810. Wikipedia
The Surge of 1811
Early 1811 saw a rapid wave of actions, mostly favorable:
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Kentucky — Ratified Jan 31, 1811. Wikipedia
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Ohio — Ratified Jan 31, 1811. Wikipedia
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Delaware — Ratified Feb 2, 1811. Wikipedia
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Pennsylvania — Ratified Feb 6, 1811. Wikipedia
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New Jersey — Ratified Feb 13, 1811. Wikipedia
Notable rejection in 1811
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Virginia — Rejected on Feb 14, 1811 (as recorded in the Virginia legislative journals). Wikipedia
Additional ratifications in late 1811
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Vermont — Ratified Oct 24, 1811. Wikipedia
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Tennessee — Ratified Nov 21, 1811. Wikipedia
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North Carolina — Ratified Dec 23, 1811. Wikipedia
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Georgia — Ratified Dec 31, 1811. Wikipedia
Status by year-end 1811: 11 ratifications, 1 rejection (Virginia). The measure sat two states short of adoption with 17 states in the Union. Wikipedia
The War Year: 1812
As U.S.–British tensions escalated into the War of 1812 (declared June 18), state action continued—one rejection and two key ratifications: Constitution Center
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Massachusetts — Ratified Feb 27, 1812. Wikipedia
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New York — Rejected Mar 12, 1812. Wikipedia
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New Hampshire — Ratified Dec 9, 1812. Wikipedia+1
Status at December 31, 1812:
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Ratifications (12): Maryland; Kentucky; Ohio; Delaware; Pennsylvania; New Jersey; Vermont; Tennessee; North Carolina; Georgia; Massachusetts; New Hampshire.
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Rejections (2): Virginia; New York.
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Result: Despite strong momentum (12 approvals), TONA was still one state short of the 13 needed by late 1812. The outbreak and strain of war helped push the amendment off center stage. Constitution Center
Notes on Sources and Later Assessment
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The dates above derive from compilations of state legislative records and later federal summaries; a standard reference table lists the same 12 ratifying states through December 9, 1812, and the two rejections within our window (Virginia and New York). Wikipedia+2Montana State Legislature+2
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Modern overviews by the National Archives and scholarly treatments (e.g., Gideon M. Hart, Marquette Law Review) likewise recount the 1810–1812 sequence and the amendment’s failure to reach 13 ratifications by year-end 1812. Pieces of History+1
Bottom Line (through Dec 31, 1812)
From its May 1, 1810 submission to the states through December 31, 1812, TONA garnered twelve ratifications and two rejections. Entering 1813, it remained one ratification short of adoption—an outcome many commentators link to shifting priorities and disruptions during the War of 1812.
